Haaretz 19 Dec by Arik Ariel — Plans drawn up during the 1950s and ’60s
had one overriding goal: to preserve the demographic status quo by
resettling the 1948 Arab refugees far away from the country — …In the
summer of 1961, the skies above Jerusalem darkened when it emerged that
the Kennedy administration was determined to find a solution for the
approximately one million refugees who were crowded into camps from
Syria and Lebanon in the north, as far as Jordan, the West Bank and the
Gaza Strip in the south. (The exact number of refugees, and the
question of who should be classified as a refugee, remained a constant
subject of controversy.) It would be a mistake, though, to think that
the catalyst for Washington’s new initiative was the refugees’ wretched
and pitiful condition, the Middle East conflict or the Cold War. It was,
in fact, Congress that set the initiative in motion by urging the State
Department to find a solution for the problem. What provoked Congress
to become involved was the burgeoning amount of aid provided by the
United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees, in the
form of food, education and health − and the fact that the American
taxpayer was underwriting 70 percent of UNRWA’s budget…
The largest and most comprehensive plan, involving the transfer of
thousands of Christian Arabs from Galilee to Argentina and Brazil, was
given the secret codename “Operation Yohanan,” … In the spring of 1950,
the director of the Foreign Ministry’s international institutions
department, Yehezkel Gordon, suggested that Israel consider settling
Arab refugees in Somalia and Libya, to take the place of the 17,000 to
18,000 Jews who had immigrated to Israel from Cyrenaica and Tripoli … In
the first half of the 1960s, the Foreign Ministry continued to examine
plans to encourage the emigration of Arab refugees from the Middle East
to Europe, particularly to France and Germany … Israel’s efforts to find
overseas locations in which to settle Arab refugees continued even
after the Six-Day War of 1967. In the end, though, these efforts failed.
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